醫(yī)用內(nèi)窺鏡在臨床上的應(yīng)用越來越普及，它正在向著小型化、多功能、高像質(zhì)發(fā)展。下面內(nèi)窺鏡設(shè)備維修人員介紹一下醫(yī)用內(nèi)窺鏡的分類以及故障舉例參考。

The application of medical endoscope in clinic is more and more popular, and it is developing towards miniaturization, multi-function and high image quality. The endoscopic equipment maintenance personnel will introduce the classification of medical endoscopes and examples of failures.

醫(yī)用內(nèi)窺鏡是一種常用的醫(yī)療器械，由可彎曲部分、光源及一組鏡頭組成。經(jīng)人體的天然孔道，或是經(jīng)過手術(shù)做的小切口進(jìn)入人體體內(nèi)。使用時(shí)將內(nèi)窺鏡導(dǎo)入預(yù)檢查的器官，可直接窺視有關(guān)部位的變化。

Medical endoscope is a commonly used medical instrument, which consists of a flexible part, a light source and a group of lenses. It enters the human body through natural channels or small incisions made by surgery. When in use, the endoscope is introduced into the pre examined organ to directly observe the changes of relevant parts.

醫(yī)用內(nèi)窺鏡的分類

Classification of medical endoscopes

按其成像構(gòu)造分類：大體可分為3大類：硬管式內(nèi)窺鏡；光學(xué)纖維內(nèi)窺鏡（可分為軟鏡和硬鏡）；電子內(nèi)窺鏡（可分為軟鏡和硬鏡）

According to its imaging structure, it can be divided into three categories: rigid tube endoscope; Optical fiber endoscope (can be divided into soft mirror and hard mirror); Electronic endoscope (can be divided into soft mirror and hard mirror)

1、硬管式內(nèi)窺鏡

1. Hard tube endoscope

2、光學(xué)纖維內(nèi)窺鏡

2. Optical fiber endoscope

3、電子內(nèi)窺鏡

3. Electronic endoscope

使用期間的相關(guān)故障舉例：

Examples of relevant faults during use:

（1）光源系統(tǒng)常見的故障

(1) Common faults of light source system

（a）光線發(fā)暗。排除了是光柵遮擋的原因外，基本可以肯定是燈泡接近使用壽命，更換新燈泡則可。氙光燈泡的使用壽命一般設(shè)計(jì)在500小時(shí)，如果光源系統(tǒng)有壽命計(jì)時(shí)裝置，這個(gè)問題就很容易。

(a) The light is dim. It is ruled out that the light bulb is close to its service life, and it can be replaced with a new light bulb. The service life of xenon light bulb is generally designed to be 500 hours. If the light source system has a life timer, this problem can be easily solved.

（b）開機(jī)燈泡不亮。如果排除了燒掉燈泡這個(gè)原因的話，那么問題常常就出在主機(jī)高壓點(diǎn)火電路部分，因?yàn)殚_機(jī)的時(shí)候機(jī)器會產(chǎn)生上萬伏特的脈沖高壓，元件會老化得特別快。注意此時(shí)不能用萬用表去檢查脈沖高壓。

(b) The power on bulb does not light up. If the reason of burning out the bulb is ruled out, the problem is often in the high-voltage ignition circuit of the host, because the machine will generate tens of thousands of volts of pulse high voltage when it is turned on, and the components will age very quickly. Note that you cannot use a multimeter to check the pulse high voltage at this time.

（2）人工氣腹系統(tǒng)常見的故障

(2) Common faults of artificial pneumoperitoneum system

（a）壓力顯示不正確。這多是氣體壓力傳感器損壞，如果機(jī)器設(shè)計(jì)有一組多個(gè)壓差壓力傳感器同時(shí)工作的，一般一個(gè)老化或者污染無法工作的時(shí)候，我們要把這組傳感器全部更換，否則只換其中一個(gè)，其他的同組的傳感器壽命也接近臨界了。

(a) The pressure display is incorrect. This is mostly due to the damage of gas pressure sensors. If the machine is designed to have a group of multiple differential pressure sensors working at the same time, generally when one of them is aging or polluted and cannot work, we should replace all of these sensors, otherwise only one of them will be replaced, and the life of other sensors of the same group will also be near the critical point.

（b）流量不準(zhǔn)確。氣體流量傳感器損壞更換即可。有時(shí)候是通過壓差來計(jì)算流量的，這時(shí)候我們就要更換新的壓差傳感器。

(b) The flow is not accurate. If the gas flow sensor is damaged, replace it. Sometimes the flow is calculated by differential pressure. At this time, we need to replace a new differential pressure sensor.

（c）設(shè)備漏氣。很多情況是器械密封圈老化而引起的。但也有設(shè)備機(jī)械減壓閥漏氣和電磁閥損壞的原因，這個(gè)比較容易判斷出并對其進(jìn)行修復(fù)。

(c) The equipment leaks air. Many cases are caused by the aging of the device sealing ring. However, there are also reasons for leakage of mechanical pressure reducing valve and damage of solenoid valve, which can be easily identified and repaired.

為了盡可能減少設(shè)備故障的發(fā)生，應(yīng)設(shè)立腹腔鏡專用手術(shù)間，以減少儀器的搬動及損壞，并指派護(hù)士使用和保養(yǎng)，相關(guān)使用人員嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行操作規(guī)程，抓好手術(shù)前檢查、術(shù)中故障排除、術(shù)后及時(shí)維護(hù)保養(yǎng)3個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。您有什么問題可以隨時(shí)來我們網(wǎng)站http://www.xiaomijiaju.com咨詢了解！

In order to reduce the occurrence of equipment failure as much as possible, a special operating room for laparoscope should be set up to reduce the handling and damage of the instrument, and nurses should be assigned to use and maintain it. Relevant users should strictly implement the operating procedures, and pay attention to the three links of pre operation inspection, troubleshooting during operation, and timely maintenance after operation. You can come to our website at any time if you have any questions http://www.xiaomijiaju.com Ask about it!